Smart City 0 Perspective
information technology and globalization, urbanization is called together the three forces reshaping modern society [1]. Integration and development of information and communication technology to promote the democratization of innovation, accelerate innovation by the manufacturer to a service paradigm paradigm shift [2]. User-centered, community-oriented knowledge-based society for the stage, the next generation of innovative people-oriented, that is gradually emerging innovation 2.0 [3]. If 1.0 is the industrial age of innovation followed oriented production, the producer-centric, technology as a starting point for innovation relatively closed form, innovation 2.0 is the information age, knowledge society to adapt to a service-oriented, user-centric,Air Jordan 2013 For Sale, people-centered form of open innovation. Innovation 2.0, user innovation, open innovation, mass innovation, collaborative innovation is characterized by profound changes to further promote the lifestyle, work, organization, social forms [4] modern city and its management is a kind of open complex giant systems, rapid urbanization to urban planning, construction, operation and development has brought a series of problems, leading to imbalance of economic development, environmental construction of urban imbalance, instability of social management, urban run disorder [5]. Digital City in the use of modern information technology to solve urban construction and management of various problems, supporting the development of urban science has played a pivotal role, but there are still many bottlenecks facing many problems. Innovation 2.0, along with the rise of a new generation of information technology, to the development and evolution of Digital City has brought new opportunities and challenges. Things to take full advantage of cloud computing as the representative of a new generation of information technology, knowledge of the social environment in order to grasp the lower people-centered innovation 2.0 opportunities, we will break the urban development and social management challenges open up new paths to provide new vision. A new generation of IT support, knowledge of social innovation 2.0 smart city environment is an advanced form of digital city after city informatization development. Smart City-based comprehensive and thorough perception of ubiquitous broadband connectivity and intelligent integration of applications, creating an institutional environment conducive to innovation and the emergence of open innovation ecosystem, foster innovation and user-oriented knowledge society, open innovation, mass innovation, collaborative innovation through people-centered sustainable development and innovation to achieve integration with the traditional city, digital city to city in the evolution of smart mobile technology, represented by information and communication technology for pervasive computing, ubiquitous network, anytime and anywhere online connection, communication and interaction offers the possibility [6]. Mobile Ubiquitous further integration with intelligent recognition technology, sensor technology for ubiquitous intelligence, ubiquitous sensing expand the space, gave birth to the Internet of Things, cloud computing as the representative of a new generation of information technology [7]. New generation of information technology through sensors, radio frequency identification technology (RFID), 3S (GIS, GPS, RS) technology, real-time acquisition of any need to monitor, connect, interact with objects or processes, collecting their sound, light,08年教育学强化班网络班讲义二, heat, electricity, Information mechanics, chemistry, biology, location, and other needs, and network and cloud-based pan in achieving things and things, things and people in connection with the Pan-perception, identify, analyze, interact with management [8]. The Internet of Things, cloud computing as the representative of a new generation of information technology to show the world is full of intelligent, is an important foundation for the formation and development of the knowledge society, but also the wisdom of building sustainable urban innovation essential technical basis [9] IT development interact with globalization, urbanization not only reshaped urban space [10], also contributed to the rise of the Internet Empire, recycling the flow of space [11], the traditional boundaries of social organization and its activities are ablation [12]. In mobile technology, networking, cloud computing applications represented a new generation of information technology to promote innovative forms of evolution, driven enterprises, government organizations and social patterns form a paradigm shift from the production to the service paradigm and reshape the individual in the world The strength of [14], but also will promote the further evolution of urban form table 1ICT, services, urban form, and social innovation paradigm topology multidimensional analysis
integration and development of information and communication technologies, to promote the sharing of information and knowledge diffusion, the process of democratization led to the formation of innovation and knowledge society. Knowledge of social patterns, borders and boundaries of traditional laboratory innovation activities are also being ablation. Producer-centric innovation model is to user-centric innovation paradigm shift [2], the city is also becoming an open innovation space [15]. 2.0 Innovation is not only the perspective of complexity science to re-examine the integration of ICT under the background of technological innovation, is an adaptation of the knowledge society, user-centric,07073王朝霸域网页游戏官网, social practice for the stage, the mass innovation, co-innovation, open innovation is characterized by Innovative forms of user participation; From a broader perspective on, it is even more innovative knowledge society under democratic conditions show [3]. Scientific knowledge of the social environment under 2.0, Technology 2.0, 2.0 and jointly build a management-oriented knowledge society innovation 2.0, redefines the role of user innovation, the evolution of the power of the value of applications, collaborative content and the public [17] forms of innovation also affected the evolution of the Internet form. It was not until the 21st century, along with in-depth application and development of information technology, the power to change the world from the national body, the further evolution of the individual companies, the industrial age to produce 1.0-centric innovation model evolved into the era of service-oriented knowledge innovation 2.0 model, we gradually make the psychological, social preparation, social and cultural forms, to complete information from industrial civilization to civilization's evolution, from an industrial society into the knowledge society. It is in this context, Internet forms, business forms, government forms, also from the industrial era was the continuation of web1.0, enterprise 1.0, 1.0 and so the government truly entered the information age web2.0, Enterprise 2.0, Government 2.0, etc. morphology, service-oriented, people-oriented city 2.0 smart urban form that became a reality. On social topology, information and communication technology, innovation form,Cheap Jordan Retro Shoes For Sale, government forms, business forms and contrast between urban form in Table 1 Digital City is an important part of Digital Earth, a digital form of the traditional city. Digital City is the application of computer, Internet, 3S, multimedia and other technologies will change the geographic information and other information on the city combined digitized and stored on a computer network in the city formed a virtual space. Digital City Construction spatial data infrastructure through standardization, digitization of information of all kinds of urban integration of multiple resources,Air Jordan 2013 For Sale, both from a technical and institutional aspects of data sharing and interoperability provides the foundation to achieve the integration of urban 3S technology integration and industry in all areas of information technology in-depth applications [20]. The development of digital cities and has accumulated a lot of basic operating data, is also facing many challenges, including the collection of city-level mass of information, analysis, bringing storage, processing and utilization issues, integration of multiple systems in a variety of complex issues,08年教育学强化班网络班讲义八, and technical development development of a new generation of urban alienation development of information technology makes urban form the basis of the further realization of digital intelligence to become a reality. Things can rely on intelligent perception,argenteuil.qc.ca/global.asp?, identify, locate, track and supervision; With cloud computing and intelligent analysis technology enables the processing of vast amounts of information and decision support. Meanwhile, the social environment of innovation and knowledge along with 2.0 unfolding morphology of modern information technology in various industries after the completion of the industrial era of digital transformation efficiency for the upgrade, and gradually rise to some new industry formats, morphology [14], so that people Innovative forms of information technology to lead the evolution of social change have a more real experience,0排量以上汽车须纳9, people-oriented science and technology innovation a deeper understanding of the evolution of the urban form of modern technology under development is also a new understanding (see Table 2). From the perspective of technological development, Academician Li Deren smart city is a number of things the city with a combination of product [22]. Hu Xiaoming from the perspective of the evolution of the concept of urban resources discusses the relationship between the city corresponding digital information resources, smart cities corresponding software resources, network resources in the city between the corresponding tissue [23]. It is noteworthy that some of the city's first urban informatization construction began more and more people-centered perspective from the wisdom of the city to carry out the construction, such as the EU launched a knowledge-oriented social innovation Living 2.0 of
Lab plans to build a city committed to open innovation space, creating conducive to innovation emerging urban ecology [16] comparing digital city and smart city, we can find the difference in the following six aspects. First, when the digital city by city geospatial information and information on all aspects of digital city in the virtual space to reproduce traditional city, smart city is focusing on this basis, further use of sensor technology, intelligent technology to achieve operational status of the city's automated, real-time comprehensive and thorough perception. Second, when the digital city by the city's information technology industry to improve the management efficiency of the industry and the quality of service, more emphasis on smart city split from the industry, relatively closed information architecture is becoming more open as complex giant system, integration, coordination The city information architecture, urban informatization play overall performance. Third, when the digital city formed a preliminary Internet-based business collaboration, more focus on smart city through ubiquitous networks, ubiquitous smart mobile technology to achieve interconnection and integration services to carry anywhere. Fourth, when the city focus on data resource production figures, accumulation and application of smart city is more concerned about the user's perspective and provide design services. Fifth, when the digital city more emphasis on the use of information technology in all areas of information technology city to improve the efficiency of social production, the dominant position of the smart city people are more stressed, more emphasis on shaping public space and its open innovation between participation, user experience , and in order to achieve sustainable people-centered innovation. Sixth, when the digital city committed to all aspects of city operations and development functions, improve the efficiency of the city by means of information, services, urban management and development, more emphasis on smart city by participating in the government,01虽然在情理之中, market, social forces and synergies realize the value of shape and unique urban public value creation intelligent city not only widely used networking, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, data mining, knowledge management, social networking and other technology tools, but also focus on user participation, people-oriented application of innovative ideas and methods 2.0 Construction has emerged institutional environment conducive to innovation, smart technology to achieve a highly integrated,Cheap Jordan Retro Shoes For Sale, high-end development industry wisdom, intelligence services convenient and efficient, people-oriented continuous innovation, the completion of the city to the wisdom of the city from the digital leap. Smart City will be 2.0 times the people-centered innovation and sustainable EU launched the European Innovation City Living in 2006
Lab organization, which uses new tools and methods, advanced information and communication technologies to mobilize all aspects of the 'collective wisdom and creativity' to provide opportunities for solving social problems. The organization has also launched a European smart city network. Living
Lab is completely user-centric, with open space to create innovative use of information technology to help residents and mobile applications to improve the quality of life, people's needs in the meantime get the greatest respect and satisfaction [15] in 2009, the city of Dubuque in collaboration with IBM, to build the first U.S. smart city. The use of networking technology, in a community where residents sixty various city utilities (water, electricity, oil, gas, transportation, public services, etc.) to connect, monitor, analyze, and integrate a variety of data in order to make intelligent response, and better serve the public in Japan in 2009 launched 'I Japan strategic wisdom of Japan 2015', aimed at digital information technology into every corner of life and production, currently focused on the goal of e-government management, medical and health services, education and personnel training in the field of public utilities in Korea three web-based, creating an ecological, smart urban green, digital, seamless mobile connectivity. Through the integration of public communications platforms, and ubiquitous network access, consumers can conveniently carry out remote education, health care, for taxation, but also for home building intelligent monitoring of energy consumption in Singapore in 2006 to start the 'wisdom of the country by 2015.' program, through active use of things such as a new generation of information technology will be built into Singapore's economic and social development of a first-class international city. In e-government, people's livelihood and the ubiquitous Internet, the Singapore remarkable achievement. Which intelligent transportation systems through a variety of sensor data, operational information and rich interactive user experience, as people travel to provide real-time traffic information bits and the appropriate atomic research center at MIT initiated Fab
Lab (micro-assembly laboratory) is calculated based on individual communications to individuals and then made a personal social context of technological development, trying to build a user-centric, application-oriented user innovation manufacturing environment, so that people, even in their own homes can also be arbitrary design and manufacture of the products they imagined, Barcelona and other cities from Fab
Lab to Fab City's practice from the perspective of another interpretation of the smart city people-centered sustainable innovation connotation [24] in the wisdom of States in the Exploration and practice of urban areas, are focused on the next generation through the application of information technology, from public demand, to support the construction of various infrastructure networks perception facilities to provide intelligent services through integration of information analysis. We are concerned that the international intellectual forerunner also emphasized the city's citizen-centric, emphasizing user participation and open innovation space for the construction of social participation. EU small and medium cities in the smart city evaluation, combing the economic wisdom, the wisdom of the public, the wisdom of management, mobility, intelligence,Welcome to our Cheap Jordan Retro Shoes Online Shop we offer air jordan shoes jordan 2013 nike basketball shoes at big discount sale high quality and free shipping visit Sale for more details on the sale., wisdom, environment, intellectual life 6
large dimensions of 31 areas 74 indicators [25], reflects the wisdom of the city building people-oriented, enhance service, and strengthen the four basic characteristics of value creation, innovation 2.0 concept of smart cities reflected: a comprehensive and thorough perception, broadband ubiquitous interconnected, intelligent integration of applications and people-centered sustainable innovation first, comprehensive and thorough perception. By sensing technology, urban management and comprehensive monitoring of all aspects of perception. Comprehensive change in use of various types of information anytime, anywhere smart city sensing devices and intelligent systems, intelligent recognition, three-dimensional perception of the urban environment, status, location and so on sensory data fusion, analysis and processing, and business processes with intelligent integration, then take the initiative to respond to the city to promote the harmonious and efficient operation of all key systems.